When a liquid lithium battery device "collides" with a solid-state battery

　　液态锂电池发展如火如荼，下一代的固态电池竞争赛道已经在不断提速。当下包括宁德时代、亿纬锂能、孚能科技、正力新能、力神电池、国轩高科、欣旺达、LG新能源、松下，蔚来、上汽、广汽、丰田、日产、宝马、现代等在内的国内外电池厂商和车企，都在积极发力固态电池。

　　近期有媒体报道，中国或将投入约60亿元用于全固态电池研发，项目由政府相关部委牵头实施，鼓励有条件的企业对全固态电池相关技术开展研发。包括宁德时代、比亚迪、一汽、上汽等多家企业或将获得政府基础研发支持。该项目经过严格筛选后，最后具体分为七大项目，聚焦聚合物和硫化物等不同技术路线。

　　“若国家为车企和电池企业提供资金鼓励全固态电池的研发，固态电池从实验室到量产应用的进程或有望加速，将优先拉动上游设备商的订单需求。”中信证券指出，目前国内头部锂电设备商与下游客户合作，积极布局固态电池设备的研发，推动固态电池产业化进程，国内头部锂电设备商有望在固态电池时代仍保持领先优势。

01

生产工艺重大变革

　　行业周知，固态电池的核心技术思路就是将液态电解质替换为固态电解质，同时伴随正负极材料等革新。那么，落实到生产制造工艺层面，现有液态锂电池生产设备与固态电池制造设备之间，是否有本质上的区别?两种电池设备是否通用或有哪些共通点?现有锂电设备制造商要过渡到固态电池设备制造企业，需要具备哪些条件或因素?最大问题是什么?

　　“在当前的电池技术发展中，固态电池尚未形成统一的工艺路线。目前市场上主流的产品多为半固态或准固态电池，而非全固态电池。”国内某设备厂商表示，在采用硅碳负极和隔膜涂覆固态电解质的情况下，现有的生产工艺可以保持相对稳定，无需进行大规模的调整。此外，部分企业选择在前段工艺中应用干法制片技术，这同样允许后段工序的设备维持现状。

　　整体而言，半固态电池、固态电池是锂电池技术迭代的一种体现，而这种迭代升级有利于设备需求的增加和行业格局的持续优化。上述设备厂商指出，若未来转向使用全固态电解质，并采用金属锂作为负极材料，生产工艺将面临重大变革。因此设备制造商必须做出相应的转型。

　　“固态电池实现量产，产业链比较大的难点有几个，一是工艺和装备的创新，二是制造能力和品质的要求非常高。”清陶能源总经理李峥指出，传统的液态电池生产线是肯定不可能用来制造全固态电池的。因此，全固态电池对设备厂商也提出来新的要求，同时也是设备厂商巨大的机遇。

02

众设备企业争相布局

　　不难想象，未来固态电池产业化发展，对工艺装备带来的将是一轮新的革命，有望拉动新的投资趋势以及原有落后产能的投资换代。截至目前，不少设备厂商在固态电池领域都有广泛深入的布局，大多都是行业龙头企业。

　　近期，赢合科技在互动平台表示，公司积极投入固态电池新设备研发。目前该公司已成功开发了干法固态极片辊压设备，将持续开发整套干法固态极片制造系统。此外，据介绍该公司开发的湿法固态极片涂覆设备，已成功发货到国内头部客户现场。

　　“依托于锂电产业深厚的技术积淀与创新能力，公司可以为客户提供从固态电极制备、固态电解质膜制备及复合设备、裸电芯组装到除气封装、化成分容等固态电池关键设备。”先导智能表示，目前公司已获得多家国际知名企业固态电池关键设备订单。

　　据了解，利元亨拥有完全自主知识产权的干法电极核心装备项目已开发成功，目前该项目已经申请并获得多项发明专利和实用新型专利。据悉，利元亨交付清陶能源的产线已进入量产状态。此外，利元亨向国轩高科交付了半固态电池中试生产线装置，也正在与广汽埃安联合开发全固态电池整线装备项目。

　　除此之外，海目星表示，公司参与了固态电池设备的开发，对关键技术和关键工艺取得进展性突破，并实现国内固态及准固态电池中试产线的多种设备和产线的交付及生产，其中有部分设备已经实现480Wh/kg的电池量产及销售。杭可科技也表示，目前公司已与国内外多家相关厂商就半固态电池的中试线展开合作，并积极开展固态电池后处理设备相关的技术研发。

　　深耕锂电智能装备的誉辰智能，近日也透露，一直持续关注半固态、固态电池等新能源领域相关技术发展动态，并积极参与相关的设备需求研发，对相关客户形成小批量出货。

　　随着全球众多企业加速推进固态电池产业化，未来固态电池市场将非常可观。据业内机构预测，2025年和2030年全球固态电池需求量将分别达到44.2GWh和494.9GWh;到2030年固态电池市场空间有望超过1500亿元，届时对设备的更新需求也将非常可观。

The development of liquid lithium batteries is booming, and the competition for the next generation of solid-state batteries is constantly accelerating. Currently, domestic and foreign battery manufacturers and car companies, including CATL, Yiwei Lithium Energy, Funeng Technology, Zhengli New Energy, Lishen Battery, Guoxuan High tech, Xinwangda, LG New Energy, Panasonic, NIO, SAIC, GAC, Toyota, Nissan, BMW, Hyundai, etc., are actively promoting solid-state batteries.

When a liquid lithium battery device "collides" with a solid-state battery

Recently, there have been media reports that China may invest about 6 billion yuan in the research and development of all solid state batteries. The project will be led by relevant government departments to encourage eligible enterprises to carry out research and development on all solid state battery related technologies. Several enterprises, including CATL, BYD, FAW, SAIC, etc., may receive government basic research and development support. After strict screening, the project was ultimately divided into seven major projects, focusing on different technological routes such as polymers and sulfides.

"If the government provides funding to encourage the research and development of all solid-state batteries for automotive and battery companies, the process of solid-state batteries from laboratory to mass production application may accelerate, and it will prioritize driving the order demand of upstream equipment manufacturers." CITIC Securities pointed out that currently, top domestic lithium battery equipment manufacturers are cooperating with downstream customers, actively laying out the research and development of solid-state battery equipment, and promoting the industrialization process of solid-state batteries. Domestic top lithium battery equipment manufacturers are expected to maintain a leading advantage in the era of solid-state batteries.

01

Significant changes in production processes

As is well known in the industry, the core technological idea of solid-state batteries is to replace liquid electrolytes with solid electrolytes, accompanied by innovations in positive and negative electrode materials. So, at the level of production and manufacturing technology, is there a fundamental difference between existing liquid lithium battery production equipment and solid-state battery manufacturing equipment? Are the two battery devices universal or what are their commonalities? What conditions or factors do existing lithium battery equipment manufacturers need to meet in order to transition to solid-state battery equipment manufacturing enterprises? What is the biggest problem?

"In the current development of battery technology, solid state batteries have not yet formed a unified process route. Currently, the mainstream products in the market are mostly semi-solid or quasi solid state batteries, rather than all solid state batteries." A domestic equipment manufacturer stated that with the use of silicon carbon negative electrodes and membrane coated solid electrolyte, the existing production process can remain relatively stable without the need for large-scale adjustments. In addition, some companies choose to apply dry film production technology in the front-end process, which also allows the equipment in the back-end process to maintain the current status.

Overall, semi-solid state batteries and solid-state batteries are a manifestation of lithium battery technology iteration, and this iterative upgrade is conducive to increasing equipment demand and continuous optimization of the industry landscape. The above-mentioned equipment manufacturers pointed out that if they shift to using all solid electrolytes and using lithium metal as the negative electrode material in the future, the production process will face significant changes. Therefore, equipment manufacturers must make corresponding transformations.

"There are several difficulties in achieving mass production of solid-state batteries in the industry chain, one is innovation in technology and equipment, and the other is very high requirements for manufacturing capacity and quality." Li Zheng, General Manager of Qingtao Energy, pointed out that traditional liquid battery production lines are definitely not suitable for manufacturing all solid batteries. Therefore, all solid state batteries have also put forward new requirements for equipment manufacturers, and it is also a huge opportunity for equipment manufacturers.

02

Numerous equipment companies compete to layout

It is not difficult to imagine that the industrialization development of solid-state batteries in the future will bring a new round of revolution to the process equipment, which is expected to drive new investment trends and the replacement of outdated production capacity. As of now, many device manufacturers have extensive and in-depth layouts in the field of solid-state batteries, most of which are industry leaders.

Recently, Yinghe Technology stated on the interactive platform that the company is actively investing in the research and development of new solid-state battery devices. At present, the company has successfully developed a dry process solid-state electrode rolling equipment and will continue to develop a complete set of dry process solid-state electrode manufacturing systems. In addition, it is reported that the wet solid-state electrode coating equipment developed by the company has been successfully shipped to top domestic customer sites.

"Relying on the profound technological accumulation and innovation ability of the lithium battery industry, the company can provide customers with key equipment for solid-state batteries, including solid-state electrode preparation, solid-state electrolyte membrane preparation and composite equipment, bare cell assembly, degassing packaging, chemical composition and capacity division." Pioneer Intelligence stated that the company has received orders for key equipment for solid-state batteries from multiple internationally renowned enterprises.

It is understood that Liyuanheng has successfully developed a dry process electrode core equipment project with completely independent intellectual property rights. Currently, the project has applied for and obtained multiple invention patents and utility model patents. It is reported that the production line of Liyuanheng's delivery of Qingtao Energy has entered mass production. In addition, Liyuanheng has delivered a semi-solid battery pilot production line device to Guoxuan High tech, and is also jointly developing a full solid-state battery production line equipment project with GAC Aian.

In addition, Haimuxing stated that the company has participated in the development of solid-state battery equipment, made significant breakthroughs in key technologies and processes, and delivered and produced various equipment and production lines for domestic solid-state and quasi solid-state battery pilot production lines. Some of the equipment has already achieved mass production and sales of 480Wh/kg batteries. Hangke Technology also stated that the company has cooperated with multiple domestic and foreign manufacturers on the pilot line of semi-solid batteries, and actively carried out technological research and development related to solid-state battery post-treatment equipment.

Yuchen Intelligence, which is deeply involved in lithium battery intelligent equipment, recently revealed that it has been continuously monitoring the development trends of new energy technologies such as semi-solid and solid-state batteries, and actively participating in the research and development of related equipment requirements, forming small batch shipments to related customers.

With numerous global enterprises accelerating the industrialization of solid-state batteries, the future solid-state battery market will be very promising. According to industry forecasts, the global demand for solid-state batteries will reach 44.2 GWh and 494.9 GWh in 2025 and 2030, respectively; By 2030, the market space for solid-state batteries is expected to exceed 150 billion yuan, and the demand for equipment updates will also be considerable.